Evaluation of initial setting time due to superplasticizers

This paper shows how polycarboxylate based superplasticizer affects the initial setting time of cement paste. Three superplasticizers are used in this study with different properties and aiming to determine the delay in initial setting time due to superplasticizer. Initial setting time is calculated as per IS: 4031-PART 5-1988 with different SP dosages (0.5%, 0.75%, 1.0% and 1.5% of weight of cement). Superplasticizer is an admixture which reduces the water-cement ratio or increase the workability at the same water content. This paper deals with the evaluation of initial setting time due to superplasticizers

Cast immobilization in fracture distal radius with wrist in dorsiflexion

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the anatomical and functional outcome of cast immobilization in fracture distal radius with wrist in dorsiflexion. Study design selected was prospective cohort study.Methods: The study group comprised 60 patients, with a mean follow-up of 3 month. Patients were evaluated for radial height, radial inclination and volar tilt according to Lindstrom criteria. Functional outcome were assessed with PRWE score.Results: Mean loss of radial height was 4.11 mm. Mean loss of radial inclination was 6.85 degree and mean loss of volar tilt was 7.06 degree at the end of 3 month follow up. As per Lindstrom criteria 88% were excellent to fair and 93% were excellent to fair functional outcome as per PRWE score.Conclusions: Cast immobilization in fracture distal radius with wrist in dorsiflexion produces better anatomical and functional outcome.

Client Side Channel State Information Estimation for MIMO Communication

Multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system relies on a feedback signal which holds channel state information (CSI) from receiver to the transmitter to do pre-coding for achieving better performance. However, sending CSI feedback at each time stamp for long duration is an overhead in the communication system. We introduce a deep reinforcement learning based channel estimation at receiver end for single user MIMO communication without CSI feedback. In this paper we propose to train the receiver with known pilot signals to analyse the stochastic behaviour of the wireless channel. The simulation on MIMO channel with additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) shows that our proposed method can learn the different characteristics affecting the channel with limited number of pilot signals. Extensive experiments show that the proposed method was able to outperform the existing state-of-the-art end to end reinforcement learning method. The results demonstrate that the proposed method learns and predicts the stochastic time varying channel characteristic accurately at receiver’s end

Interpretation of Biochemical Tests for Iron Metabolism in Hyperthyroidism

Objective: Several studies suggest that thyroid hormones may affect erythropoiesis. However the mechanism by which thyroid hormones alter the ferritin concentration is not well known. Therefore, the present case-control study was designed to determine the changes due to hyperthyroidism in serum ferritin, iron and transferrin levels and to investigate the inter-relationship between these parameters.Material: This study was conducted on 50 newly diagnosed hyperthyroid patients and the results were compared with 50 age and sex matched healthy controls. Serum ferritin was assessed by two site sandwich immunoassay using direct chemiluminometric technology. TIBC and serum iron were estimated by colorimetric method.Results: Serum ferritin (314.43 ± 68.7 ng/mL) and iron concentration (159.88 ± 36.28 µg/dL) were found to be increased in hyperthyroid patients as compared to healthy controls (255.23 ± 45.5 ng/mL and 110.52 ± 20.52 µg/dL respectively). There was a significant difference between hyperthyroid patients and healthy controls in serum levels of ferritin and iron (p0.05 for both). Serum ferritin and iron were correlated significantly positive with thyroid parameters while a significant negative correlation was found with transferrin.Conclusion: Our data suggest that alterations in thyroid status in a given individual produce significant changes in serum ferritin, iron and transferrin levels. Increased ferritin levels seem to be protective against increased oxidative stress seen in hyperthyroidism but these also increase atherosclerotic risk. However, a large scale study is recommended to establish the fact

Software Test Case Generation Tools and Techniques: A Review

Software Industry is evolving at a very fast pace since last two decades. Many software developments, testing and test case generation approaches have evolved in last two decades to deliver quality products and services. Testing plays a vital role to ensure the quality and reliability of software products. In this paper authors attempted to conduct a systematic study of testing tools and techniques. Six most popular e-resources called IEEE, Springer, Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), Elsevier, Wiley and Google Scholar to download 738 manuscripts out of which 125 were selected to conduct the study. Out of 125 manuscripts selected, a good number approx. 79% are from reputed journals and around 21% are from good conference of repute. Testing tools discussed in this paper have broadly been divided into five different categories: open source, academic and research, commercial, academic and open source, and commercial & open source. The paper also discusses several benchmarked datasets viz. Evosuite 10, SF100 Corpus, Defects4J repository, Neo4j, JSON, Mocha JS, and Node JS to name a few. Aim of this paper is to make the researchers aware of the various test case generation tools and techniques introduced in the last 11 years with their salient features

Myths and misbelieves regarding COVID vaccines in India

Background: - COVID-19 is the most important public health problem of recent time. Many people require hospitalization after infection. COVID vaccination is the most effective way to prevent the disease. Due to extensive negative publicity through social media channels/platforms,significant number of individuals are not coming forward for vaccination. Therefore, study is needed to evaluate adverse effects associated with different vaccines available in India. Objectives: - To assess the adverse effects associated with COVID-19 vaccination and compare the side effect of two most commonly used COVID vaccines in India. Methods:- In the current report, a cross sectional study was conducted among beneficiaries of COVID-19 vaccines at the vaccination center of the LLRM Medical college, India. After institutional ethical clearance and informed consent, patients were asked about the symptoms they experienced after vaccination. A very simple random sampling approach was used to select beneficiaries. Information was collected on predesigned Google form and total 391 patients submitted the responses. Results:- Out of total respondents 77 % individuals reported one or more symptoms. Fever was reported to be most common problem (59.3%) followed by body ache (57.5%). Out of total beneficiaries, 68.3% experienced mild symptoms while 23% remain asymptomatic. Only few subjects reported moderate adverse effects (8.7%).  None of the respondent reported severe and serious adverse effect. Conclusions:- Vaccine associated adverse effects were found less than 3 days and of mild variety in most of the beneficiaries. There was no difference in adverse effect profile of two commonly used vaccines in India. People must come forward for vaccination in mass without fearing of adverse effects of vaccines

A Third Order based Additional Regularization in Intrinsic Space of the Manifold

Second order graph Laplacian regularization has the limitation that the solution remains biased towards a constant which restricts its extrapolationcapability. The lack of extrapolation results in poor generalization. An additional penalty factor is needed on the function to avoid its over-fitting on seen unlabeled training instances. The third order derivative based technique identifies the sharp variations in the function and accurately penalizes them to avoid overfitting. The resultant function leads to a more accurate and generic model that exploits the twist and curvature variations on the manifold. Extensive experiments on synthetic and real-world data set clearly shows thatthe additional regularization increases accuracy and generic nature of model

In Vitro Antidiabetic Effect of Neohesperidin

Objective: The present study was performed to determine in vitro antidiabetic effect of neohesperidin. To evaluate inhibitory effect of neohesperidin on α-amylase and α-glucosidase diabetes causing enzyme. Methods and Materials: Invitro carbohydrate metabolizing enzyme based inhibitory methods were used to determine antidiabetic effect of neohesperidin. Alpha (α)-amylase inhibitory assay was performed using different sources i.e. wheat alpha (α)-amylase enzyme, salivary alpha (α)-amylase and fungal alpha (α)-amylase assay. Alpha (α)-glucosidase inhibitory assay was performed using alpha (α)-glucosidase (B. stearothermophil), alpha (α)-glucosidase rat intestine and alpha (α)-glucosidase from baker’s yeast. Sucrase inhibitory assay from rat small intestine. Result: Neohesperidin possess a potent anti-diabetic by significantly inhibiting alpha amylase activity. Conclusion: It was concluded that enzyme inhibitory activity of neohesperidin shown a significantly higher inhibitory activity on alpha-amylase in comparision to alpha-glucosidase & Sucrase enzymes. Keywords: Neohespiridin, acarbose, alpha-amylase, alpha-glucosidas

Peri-operative monitoring of general anaesthesia in buffaloes undergoing diaphragmatic herniorrhaphy in relation to pleural integrity and survivability

The present study aimed to monitor the general anaesthesia (midazolam-propofol and isoflurane) in 31 buffaloes undergoing diaphragmatic herniorrhaphy in relation to pleural integrity and survivability. Various herniorrhaphy and peri-operative anaesthetic parameters of heart rate, respiration rate, SpO2, apnea, corneal reflex, lacrimation, salivation, regurgitation and position of eyeball were recorded. The data was compared between the survivor (26/31=83.87%, Group 1) and the non-survivor group (Group 2) and between the buffaloes with intact pleura during herniorrhaphy (21/31= 67.75%, Group 3) and those with ruptured pleura (Group 4). Majority of the buffaloes (80%) in Group 2 had ruptured pleura during herniorrhaphy, while in Group 1, 76.92% had intact pleura. The corneal reflex was considered the most reliable manual parameter to assess the survival status of the buffalo in ventro-dorsal position and its absence was considered alarming. The heart rate was significantly higher in Group 2 in comparison to Group 1 after breaking of hernia ring adhesions. The SpO2 of Group 4 was always lower than in Group 3 and at the time of rupture of pleura it was significantly low but improved with suction and intermittent positive pressure ventilation in Group 1 buffaloes. The study recommended perioperative monitoring of eye reflexes, heart rate, respiration rate, and SpO2 during diaphragmatic herniorrhaphy in buffaloes to take necessary precautions for the timely removal of free air from the pleural space. The integrity of the pleura plays an important role in the survival of buffaloes undergoing herniorrhaphy